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'''Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University''', popularly known as '''Virginia Tech''' ('''VT'''), is a land-grant university in [[Blacksburg]], Virginia.

Founded in 1872 as an agricultural and mechanical land-grant college, Virginia Tech is a comprehensive, innovative research university with the largest full-time student population in Virginia and one of the few public universities in the United States that maintains a [[Corps of Cadets|corps of cadets]].

The main Virginia Tech campus is located in the [[New River Valley]] in the [[w:ridge-and-valley Appalachians|valley and ridge]] physiographic region of the [[Appalachian Mountains]] in southwestern Virginia, a few miles from the [[w:George Washington and Jefferson National Forests|Jefferson National Forest]] in [[Montgomery County]].

==History==
In 1872, the [[w:Virginia General Assembly|Virginia General Assembly]] purchased the facilities of [[Preston and Olin Institute]], a small Methodist school in rural [[Montgomery County]] with federal funds provided by the [[w:Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act]]. The Commonwealth incorporated a new institution on that site, a state-supported land grant military institute called the '''Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College'''.

Under the 1891&ndash;1907 presidency of [[John M. McBryde]], the school organized its academic programs into a traditional four-year college. The evolution of the school's programs led to an 1896 name change to '''Virginia Agricultural and Mechanical College and Polytechnic Institute'''. The "Agricultural and Mechanical College" portion of the name was popularly omitted almost immediately, and the name was officially changed to '''Virginia Polytechnic Institute''' in 1944. During those years, there was a short-lived merger with [[Radford University]] which at the time was a women's college. In 1923, VPI changed a policy of four-year compulsory participation in the [[Corps of Cadets]] to two years. In [[1931]], VPI began teaching classes at [[w:Old Dominion University]], then the Norfolk Division of the [[w:College of William and Mary]]. This program eventually developed into a two-year engineering program after which students could transfer to VPI for their third and fourth year.

VPI President [[T. Marshall Hahn]], whose tenure ran from 1962 to 1974, was responsible for many of the successes that have shaped the modern institution of Virginia Tech. His presidential agenda involved transitioning the school into a major research university. To achieve this, the student body was increased by roughly 1,000 additional students per year, new dormitories and academic buildings were constructed, faculty were added (in 1966, for instance, the faculty added over 100 new professors) and research budgets were increased. Hahn also ended the affiliation with [[Radford University]], dropped the two-year Corps training requirement for its male students and allowed women to join the Corps. Virginia Tech was the first school in the nation to open its corps of cadets to women.

One of Hahn's more controversial missions was only partially achieved. He had visions of renaming the school from VPI to '''Virginia State University''', reflecting the status it had achieved as a full-fledged research university. As part of this move, VPI would have taken over control of the state's other land-grant institution, a [[w:Historically black colleges and universities|historically black college]] in [[w:Ettrick, Virginia|Ettrick]], south of Richmond, then called '''Virginia State College'''. This plan failed to take root, and as a compromise, VPI added "and State University" to its name in 1970, yielding the current formal name of '''Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University'''. In the late 1970s, the shorthand name "Virginia Tech" was adopted as the proper identification of the university's athletic teams over the acronym "V.P.I." and the media were requested to use "Virginia Tech" in their reporting of sport scores. In the early 1990s, the school authorized the official use of '''Virginia Tech''' as equivalent to the full VPI&SU name. Many school documents today use the shorter name, though diplomas and transcripts still spell out the formal name. Similarly, the abbreviation '''VT''' is far more common today than VPI or VPI&SU, and appears everywhere, from athletic uniforms, to the university's Internet domain name ''vt.edu''.

In 2007, the school and campus received international attention as the site of the the deadliest peacetime shooting incident by a single gunman in United States history, on or off of a school campus.

==Academics==
{| class="wikitable" cellspacing="2" style="float:right; margin:10px; border:3px solid;"
|-
! colspan="2" style="background:white;"| Virginia Tech presidents
|-
|[[Charles Landon Carter Minor|Charles Minor]]|||1872–1880
|-
|[[John Lee Buchanan]]||March 1, 1880–August 12, 1880
|-
|[[Scott Shipp]]||August 12, 1880&ndash;August 25, 1880
|-
|John Lee Buchanan||May 1881&ndash;1882
|-
|[[Thomas Nelson Conrad]]||1882–1886
|-
|[[Lunsford L. Lomax|Lunsford Lindsay Lomax]]||1886–1891
|-
|[[John McLaren McBryde]]||1891–1907
|-
|[[Paul Brandon Barringer]]||1907–1913
|-
|[[Joseph Dupuy Eggleston]]||1913–1919
|-
|[[Julian Ashby Burruss]]||1919–1945
|-
|[[John Redd Hutcheson]]||1945–1947
|-
|[[Walter Stephenson Newman]]||1947–1962
|-
|[[T. Marshall Hahn]]||1962–1974
|-
|[[William Edward Lavery]]||1975–1987
|-
|[[James Douglas McComas]]||1987–1993
|-
|[[Paul Torgersen]]||1993–2000
|-
|[[Charles W. Steger]]||2000–''present''
|}

Virginia Tech offers 80 bachelor's degree programs and 140 master's and doctoral degree programs in eight colleges and two schools:
* [[College of Agriculture and Life Sciences]]
* [[College of Architecture and Urban Studies]]
* [[College of Liberal Arts and Human Sciences]]
* [[Pamplin College of Business]]
* [[College of Engineering]]
* [[College of Natural Resources and Environment]]
* [[College of Science]]
* [[Myers Lawson School of Construction]]
* [[Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine]]
* [[Carilion School of Medicine]]

Admission to study at Virginia Tech has become increasingly selective. For incoming freshman in the fall of 2010, undergraduate applications to the school totaled over 20,000 for a targeted incoming class size of 5,000 students. Among accepted students, the average GPA was 3.96 and SAT was 1250. Admission into many graduate programs is also highly competitive. The Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine received over 1,200 applications for an incoming class size of 42.

In addition to its academic colleges, Virginia Tech also has a university-wide honors program known as University Honors. University Honors provides accepted honors students eleven different ways to earn honors credits towards one of the six honors degree options. A small percentage of University Honors students are also invited to live in one of the two honors dorms, the [[Hillcrest Hall]] and [[Main Campbell Hall]]. Honors students are required to maintain a 3.5 GPA in order to remain in the program.

Virginia Tech also features a unique laboratory with hundreds of computers in nearby off campus leased space which housed a discount store at one time. Opened in 1997, the [[Math Emporium]] is used by 8,000 students in large enrollment math course from a variety of majors each semester. 11 Math courses have been redesigned to take advantage of the facility. Claimed results have been improved Math performance in students and reduced costs for staffing and space.

On January 3, 2007 Virginia Tech along with [[Carilion Health System]] announced the creation of a new private medical school and research institute that would be a joint venture between the two organizations. The first medical school class began classes in August 2010, and the first wave of scientists were recruited to the research institute in September 2010. The first medical school class has 42 students, making it a very small medical school. The VTC School of Medicine and Research Institute is located in [[Roanoke]] next to the Carilion Health System hospital.

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[[Category:Miscellenary]]